The poll body issued a notice to him today, asking him to furnish an explanation in connection with the allegations raised in a complaint lodged by the BJP.
Gandhi has been directed to submit his answer by Saturday evening.
The BJP's complaint contends that Rahul Gandhi used derogatory language and made unverified accusations while campaigning in Rajasthan, where assembly elections are scheduled for Saturday.
The complaint asserted that such language is inappropriate for a senior leader.
The Election Commission, in its notice, highlighted that the Model Code of Conduct explicitly prohibits political leaders from making unverified allegations against their opponents.